1. Global-econ landscape shift
- New normal & policy implication
- Trade policy and geofragmentation (protectionism vs. liberalism, multi vs bilateralism)
- Global spillover (policy decision, market forces)
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1. Macroeconomic fundamental
- Supply-side economy: productivity, labor, and human capital
- Fiscal space and fiscal reform
- Financial deepening & market structures
- Regional and sectoral analysis
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1. Digital innovation & impacts
- Digital innovation & its macro impacts (growth, employment, inequality)
- Digital innovation & its monetary-financial stability impacts
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1. Green Policy
- Green monetary policy & environmental risks
- Green macroprudential policy, financial system resilience & environmental risks
- Green market (green instruments, portfolio, carbon trading) & inclusive sustainable finance
- Green payment system
- Green transition & physical risks, structural effects, competitiveness
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2. Macroeconomic dynamics
- Determinants of inflation & technological change
- Determinants of exchange rate and capital flows dynamics
- Interest rate dynamics and natural rate
- Macroeconomic policy
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2. New growth model
- Demographic transition & growth potential
- Innovation & productivity as main drivers of growth
- Competitiveness and global value chain
- Technological change and skills
- Sustainable Development Goals: Issues and Financing
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2. Digital financial and payment system
- Digital banking
- Financial market infrastructure
- Payment system industry
- E-Commerce
- Financial Technology
- Nexus of bank and NBFI
- Crypto-assets: issues, challenges & policies
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2. Green Economy: Supply Side
- Circular economy
- Green sectoral
- Blue economy, sustainable tourism
- Green innovation & productivity
- Renewable energy transition
- Green economy resilience
- Green MSMEs
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3. Macro-financial linkages
- Characteristic of financial intermediation
- Nature & linkage b/w business & financial cycles
- Spatial, corporate, & HH analysis
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3. Frontier issues of economic development
- Financial integration & market behavior
- Islamic economic & finance
- Institutional economic & development
- Structural transformation & welfare
- Poverty reduction & inequality
- Behavioral economics & economic policies
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3. Central bank role & policy strategy
- CB Payment System
- CBDC: policy perspectives & framework
- Cross-border payment & policy
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3. Green Economy: Demand Side
- Green behavior, awareness & culture
- Sustainable consumption & production
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4. Transmission mechanism
- Market imperfection & supply side channels (lending, capital, leverage, liquidity)
- Risk taking channel
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4. Law and Institution
- Economic and business law
- Institutional arrangement and governance
- International economic law and arrangement
- Communication
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4. Supervisory Technology, Regulatory Technology
- Supervisory technology
- Regulatory technology
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4. Green Institution
- Green work business process, culture & lifestyle
- Green growth and the law
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5. Post-GFC policy CB framework
- Optimal policy design
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Potential of international policy coordination
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5. Machine Learning and Data Science for Economic and Finance
- New economic and finance indicators
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Machine learning model for economic and financial analysis
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6. General Central Bank Practices
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